面肌痉挛微血管减压术中异常肌反应变化特点与术后疗效关系探究

目的探究面肌痉挛患者微血管减压术(MVD)中异常肌反应(AMR)的变化特点与术后疗效的关系。方法回顾性分析73例MVD术中采用AMR全程定量化监测患者的AMR变化特点,减压操作前AMR阈值较基础阈值升高≥1倍为A1组、1倍为A2组,手术结束时AMR完全消失为B1组、未消失为B2组,B2组中AMR阈值较基础阈值升高≥1倍为B2a组、1倍为B2b组,对各组的术后疗效进行对比分析。结果 A1组21例中,19例立即治愈,1例延迟治愈,1例未愈; A2组52例中,35例立即治愈,9例延迟治愈,8例未愈。A1组较A2组疗效好(P=0. 046)。B1组50例中,42例立即治愈,5例延迟治愈,3例未愈; B2组23例中,12例立即治愈,5例延迟治愈,6例未愈。B1组较B2组疗效好(P=0. 003)。B2 a组的治愈比例较B2 b组高(分别为14/16、3/7),差异有统计学意义(P=0. 045)。结论 AMR在术中的变化特点对术者有重要参考意义,AMR在减压前升高、在手术结束时完全消失、未消失但升高较基础阈值≥1倍者术后疗效相对较好。     

Balloon Pulmonary Angioplasty for the Treatment of Nonoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: Single-Center Experience with Low Initial Complication Rate

PurposeTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) for nonoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) patients during the initial experience of a single center.MethodsA total of 18 CTEPH patients (5 with residual pulmonary hypertension after pulmonary endarterectomy) were treated with BPA during the period 2014–2018 and were retrospectively reviewed. Mean age was 61 ± 19 years; 55% were female; mean pulmonary artery pressure was 44 ± 12 mmHg; cardiac output was 4.3 ± 1.0 l/min; and pulmonary vascular resistance was 8.4 ± 3.6 WU. Patients were evaluated by New York Heart Association functional class, 6-minute walk distance, N-terminal pro b-type natriuretic peptide, echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and before and after completions of BPA.ResultsA total of 91 procedures were performed, with a median number of 4 BPA sessions per patient (range, 2–8). There were no deaths or major complications requiring extracorporeal support or (non)invasive ventilation. The most common complication was self-limiting hemoptysis (3%). According to Society of Interventional Radiology classification, 4 mild, 4 moderate, and 1 severe adverse events were noted. Invasive hemodynamics significantly improved, with a cardiac index increase of 15% (P = .0333), decrease of mean pulmonary artery pressure of 30% (P = .0013), and decrease of pulmonary vascular resistance of 45% (P = .0048). Stroke volume index (P = .0171) and pulmonary arterial compliance (P = .0004) were also significantly enhanced.ConclusionsBPA significantly improves cardiopulmonary hemodynamics with an acceptable safety profile. Further studies assessing the long-term efficacy of BPA are required.     

Widening Time Disparities between Two Paradigms: Tama-REgistry of Acute Endovascular Thrombectomy

Background

The Tama-REgistry of Acute endovascular Thrombectomy (TREAT) is a multicenter registry of endovascular thrombectomy in the Tama area of Tokyo. The objective of this study was to confirm the real-world status of 2 paradigms of transportation.

Measurement properties of the upright motor control test in adults with subacute stroke

Background: Previous studies have distilled the Upright Motor Control Test Knee Extension and Knee Flexion subscales (UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF, respectively) from the original 6-item instrument and examined these as stand-alone rapid tests of voluntary movement control in the standing position. Systematic review evidence suggests that the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF may have value in predicting walking ability after stroke.

Objective: To examine the interrater and intrarater reliability, and concurrent validity of the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF, and associations with walking ability in adults with subacute stroke.

Methods: A prospective repeated assessments design was implemented in a rehabilitation department in a public teaching hospital. A consecutive sample of patients with subacute first-time stroke (N = 50; mean age = 51 ± 12 years; 20 females; mean time post-stroke = 68 ± 48 days) completed the study. Three physical therapists independently administered the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF on two testing occasions 2 days apart (t1 and t2). On t2, a fourth rater administered the Leg subscale of the Motricity Index (MI-Leg) as criterion standard.

Results: The UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF demonstrated substantial to almost perfect interrater and intrarater reliability (W = 0.77–0.95), with lower limits of 95% confidence intervals extending to no lower than the substantial level. Both the UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF showed high correlations with the MI-Leg (ρ = 0.747–0.775) and significant associations with walking ability. p Values for all tests were <0.001.

Conclusions: The UMCT-KE and UMCT-KF are reliable and valid tests for rapidly estimating voluntary movement control of the lower limbs in adults with subacute stroke.     

丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者淋巴细胞亚群的影响研究

目的 探讨丁苯酞对急性缺血性脑卒中患者淋巴细胞亚群变化情况的影响。方法 选取2017年1月～2018年12月期间在本院就诊的99例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,分为对照组(n=48)和研究组(n=51),对照组接受常规治疗,研究组在常规治疗基础上联合使用丁苯酞软胶囊。于治疗前后测定淋巴细胞亚群变化情况,同时对脑梗死面积、Barthel指数、美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(NIHSS)评分进行比较,计算不良反应发生率。结果治疗后两组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平较治疗前明显上升(P0.05),且治疗后研究组CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);治疗后两组脑梗死面积较治疗前均明显变小(P0.05),Barthel指数评分较治疗前均明显增大(P0.05),NIHSS评分较治疗前均明显减小(P0.05),且治疗后研究组脑梗死面积小于对照组(P0.05),Barthel指数评分大于对照组(P0.05),NIHSS评分小于对照组(P0.05);研究组不良反应发生率(1.96%)与对照组不良反应发生率(4.17%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 急性缺血性脑卒中使用丁苯酞,则CD3+、CD4+、CD8+水平改善程度更加明显,细胞免疫功能恢复良好,缩小脑梗死面积,改善神经功能缺损,恢复日常生活能力,安全性好。     

胃癌手术患者肠内营养治疗及肠道微生态调节的研究进展

胃癌是全球范围内发病率第5位、死亡率第3位的恶性肿瘤；对于有手术机会的胃癌患者主要的治疗方案仍是手术切除，由于胃癌患者精神心理因素、肿瘤消耗、机械梗阻、分解代谢增加等因素会导致患者严重的营养代谢问题，继而影响手术的安全性以及术后康复。外科手术是胃癌最主要的治疗方式，但由手术带来的创伤、生理结构的改变，以及术后的化疗则进一步加重上述问题。肠道微生态是人体免疫功能等重要组成部分，而现有研究提示肿瘤代谢、外科手术、化疗等均可能造成肠道菌群的改变。随着加速康复外科理念的发展，胃癌的综合治疗越来越为外科医生所重视。如何改善患者胃癌术后身体营养状况、减轻肠道菌群紊乱，进而减少术后并发症、加快术后康复，已成为胃肠外科医生关注的重点。本文主要通过文献回顾对行胃癌患者围术期肠内营养治疗及肠道微生态调节的应用进行综述。     

基于蛋白质组学大黄异病同治急性中风大鼠脑物质的基础及相关机制

目的:基于定量蛋白质组学和生物信息学分析,探索大黄异病同治急性中风的物质基础及机制。方法:采用线栓法制备缺血再灌注的缺血性中风(IS)大鼠模型和胶原酶来诱导的出血性中风(ICH)模型。将60只SD大鼠随机分为缺血性中风假手术组(Sham1),缺血性中风组(IS),出血性中风+大黄治疗组(DH1),出血性中风假手术组(Sham2),出血性中风(ICH)组和出血性中风+大黄治疗组(DH2),每组10只。IS,Sham1和DH1组在24 h后,ICH,Sham2和DH2组在48 h后,生理盐水灌注后取脑组织行定量蛋白质组学分析,鉴定差异表达蛋白(DEPs)。对共性DEPs进行生物信息学分析,并对相关的DEPs进行蛋白免疫印迹验证。结果:大黄调节急性中风疾病相关共性DEPs 21个(上调12个,下调9个)。京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)分析显示,富集了肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)通路,通路中包含神经丝蛋白轻链多肽(Nefl),神经丝蛋白中链多肽(Nefm),神经丝蛋白重链多肽(Nefh)。大黄异病同治急性中风共性机制主要包括能量代谢、离子稳态、突触相关蛋白的调节、细胞周期及神经形成。共性DEPs验证,大黄治疗后,GTP结合蛋白REM2(Rem2),酪氨酸3-单加氧酶(Th),Nefl和神经调制蛋白(Gap43)表达量与相应模型组比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。其中,治疗后Nefl表达为下调,而Rem2,Th和Gap43表达为上调,此结果与蛋白质组学检测结果一致。结论:该研究建立了大黄-异病同治-差异蛋白质表达谱,能量代谢、离子稳态、突触相关蛋白调节、细胞周期及神经形成是其共性机制。     

清热化瘀方联合康复训练治疗脑卒中恢复期临床观察

目的观察清热化瘀方联合康复训练对脑中风恢复期患者神经功能改善的影响,为临床提供疗效依据。方法选取2019年6月—2019年10月收治的脑中风恢复期患者,采用随机数字表法分为2组,对照组采用常规内科治疗及康复训练,试验组在对照组治疗方案的基础上加用清热化瘀方颗粒,记录并分析2组患者治疗后的临床疗效。结果试验组患者的总有效率高于对照组,试验组治疗后神经功能缺损评分、肢体感觉及运动功能评分、肢体平衡能力评分、生活能力评分均明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论清热化瘀方联合康复训练可明显改善脑中风恢复期患者的症状,减轻神经功能缺损程度,提高感觉及运动功能,提高生活能力。     

白虎汤加减对老年脑卒中相关性肺炎血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群改变的影响

目的研究白虎汤加减对老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群改变的影响。方法选择60例老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者,分组按照随机数字表法,将60例患者随机均分为两组。两组均给予脑卒中中后预防治疗,对照组给予哌拉西林钠他唑巴坦钠;观察组在此基础上给予白虎汤加减。观察记录两组治疗效果,并检测患者治疗前后PCT、CRP、WBC水平和淋巴细胞亚群的改变。结果在总有效率结果方面,观察组96.67%明显高于对照组80.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者PCT、CRP、WBC计数明显降低,观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后,观察组CD3^+及CD4^+水平均明显高于对照组,CD4^+/CD8^+明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论白虎汤加减能有效改善老年脑卒中相关性肺炎患者血清降钙素原及淋巴细胞亚群水平,疗效确切,值得临床推广应用。     

丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响

目的:观察丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗对急性缺血性脑卒中患者脑组织的保护作用及对预后的影响。方法:以268例急性缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各134例,2组均予西药治疗,研究组予以丹参川芎嗪注射液联合治疗,2组均随访至12周。治疗前后检测2组患者的血清炎症相关因子[超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、白细胞介素-8 (IL-8)]、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)和S-100β水平,随访评定患者治疗12周内的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和日常生活能力量表(BI)评分。结果:治疗3周,2组hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6和IL-8水平均低于入院时(P<0.01);研究组各因子水平均低于对照组(P<0.01)。2组血清NSE和S-100β水平均较入院时降低(P<0.01),而VEGF水平较入院时升高(P<0.01)。研究组血清NSE和S-100β水平均低于对照组,VEGF水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组治疗后一时间点的NIHSS评分均低于同组治疗前一时间点(P<0.01),而2组治疗后一时间点的BI评分均高于同组治疗前一时间点水平(P<0.01)。治疗6周和12周,研究组的NIHSS评分均低于对照组(P<0.01),而BI评分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:丹参川芎嗪注射液联合西药治疗可以有效减轻急性缺血性脑卒中患者的血管炎症反应程度、血管内皮细胞和脑组织的损伤程度,促进大脑神经细胞修复,提高患者卒中后的生活能力,防止卒中后肢体发生功能障碍,改善患者预后。